第二是氢气渗透导致的“氧中氢”安全问题与性能衰减。在加压环境下，氢气小分子极易穿透薄膜到达阳极侧，与氧气混合，带来安全风险并降低效率。传统的解决方案是在阳极侧增设“消氢层”，使用贵金属催化氢气与氧气复合成水，但这在薄膜上会因反应放热过大而引发新的热管理问题。
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It is not for lack of trying. In some cases, microbiologists have ditched the Petri dish altogether, using microfluidics for manipulating and growing cells. However, these approaches aren’t likely to be adopted at scale as they require less common, less practical, and more expensive devices. So, what about other growth media?